神经发生的转录调节：脑局部缺血中潜在机制

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Title: Transcriptional regulation of neurogenesis: potential mechanisms in cerebral ischemia
神经发生的转录调节：脑局部缺血中潜在机制
Authors: Scholzke MN, Schwaninger M. Department of Neurology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany, markus.schwaninger@med.uni-heidelberg.de.

Resource: J Mol Med. 2007 Apr 11; [Epub ahead of print]

Abstract:
Recent data provides evidence that new neurons are born in cerebral ischemia. Although ultimate evidence for their functional importance is lacking, correlational data suggest that they contribute to recovery. Therefore, the underlying mechanisms of neurogenesis are interesting as a basis for pharmacological enhancement of the phenomenon. Neurogenesis is a multistep process that includes proliferation of precursor cells, migration of the newborn cells to the site of lesion, differentiation, integration into neuronal circuits, and survival. All these steps rely on gene transcription. However, only preliminary data about the specific transcriptional control of neurogenesis in cerebral ischemia have been obtained so far. To promote this investigation, we review currently available information on six pathways (Notch, Wnt/beta-catenin, NF-kappaB, signal transducers and activators of transcription (STA) 3, HIF-1, and cyclic AMP response element-binding protein [CREB]) that have been shown to regulate transcription in neurogenesis and that have been implicated in cerebral ischemia. With the exception of CREB, direct involvement in postischemic neurogenesis is quite conjectural and much more must be learned to draw practical conclusions.
摘要：
最近资料提供证据显示在脑部缺血中可产生新的神经元。尽管还缺乏这些（新生）神经元的最终功能重要性的证据，相关资料暗示它们可有助于（脑缺血）恢复。因此，神经发生背后的机制作为药理学增加该现象的基础很有意思。神经发生是多步骤过程包括神经前体细胞增殖，新生细胞迁移到损失部位，分化，整合进神经元回路，最后存活下来。所有这些步骤依赖于基因转录。然而，到目前为止，仅获得有关脑缺血中神经发生的特别转录控制的初步资料。为了推动本研究，我们回顾了目前有用的6条信号转导通路的信息（Notch，Wnt/beta-catenin, NF-kappaB, signal transducers and activators of transcription (STA) 3, HIF-1, and cyclic AMP response element-binding protein [CREB]），这些都已表明在神经发生中调节转录，而且对脑缺血有影响。除了CREP，直接参与缺血后神经发生途径相当程度上是推测的，更多直接证据还须来自实践结论。