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[[语言学天地]] [其他]English lesson 5

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pp95 该用户已被删除
发表于 2004-9-25 10:55:36 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
你好!

我们讨论英语,有五项。


目录:

Of
How do you do
do you 和 are you
Slang
“东西方文化的差异,带来想法的差异”


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题目:Of



有时候,有一些句子:-

He is a man of ability.
= He is an able man.

为什么呢?

因为,of + (副词〕 + 名词 = 形容词
of + (adverb) + noun = adjective

(副词〕或 (adverb) ;括弧里的表示有时候会有这个字,有时候没有。
副词 ,adverb 是修饰动词,形容词的。比如说 very, great, nearly, once.


* of + (adverb) + noun = adjective

所以, It is of no use. = It is useless.


还有,更多的例子

It is of great use. = It is useful.
She is of great beauty. = She is very beautiful.
We are of one mind. =  We have the same opinion.
It is of sufficient depth. = It is deep.
The note you gave me was of some help. = The note you gave me was helpful.  

The diamond is of value. = The diamond is valuable.
Jason is of age. = Jason is old enough to be responsible in law. (to get a good job, vote, settle down, get married, etc. )
The game is of interest. = The game is interesting.
This person is of importance. = This person is important.

He is a man of ability. = He is an able man.
She is a woman of beauty. = She is a beautiful woman.
Jennifer is a woman of wealth. = Jennifer is a wealthy woman.
The young man is a person of courage. = The young man is a courageous person.
This lady is a woman of experience. = This lady is an experienced woman.

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题目:How do you do



很多人都以为 ‘How do u do?’的意思是 ‘How are you?’(你好吗〕,其实这是错误的。

‘How do you do?’是 ‘幸会,幸会’。你回答的时候也说 ‘How do you do?’(幸会,幸会〕 。

比方说,我的名字是Jason Lee 。我会说 ‘How do you do? My name is Jason Lee.’如果对方也是社交能手,他会说 ‘How do you do? I’m James. James Ng.’

值得注意的是 James 并没有回答  Fine. 或  I’m fine. 记得, ‘How do you do?’的回答不是 Fine. 或  I’m fine。而是重复 ‘How do you do?’ 不同的是你回答 ‘How do you do?’的声调稍为提高。 当然,你也可以回答 ‘It’s a pleasure to meet you.’(真高兴认识你〕。初次见面就问 ‘How are you?’(你好吗〕不太妥当。

‘How do you do?’是初次见面最妥当的用语。
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题目:do you 和 are you



有些人不太懂得用 do you 或 are you 提问, 他们会混淆什么时候用 do you 来提问,什么时候用 are you 来提问,所以在这里稍为提一下。

do you 的用 verb

Do you (verb) (动词〕?

Do you ‘go’ there? (你“有没有”去那边〕
Do you ‘buy’ the food?(你“有没有”买食物〕
Do you ‘work’ here?(你“有没有”在这里 做工〕


are you 的用 (verb + ing) / (adjective)

1)Are you (verb + ing) ?
2)Are you (adjective) ?


1)Are you (verb + ing) ?

Are you ‘going’ there?(你 “正在”去那边吗〕
Are you ‘looking’ for someone?(你 “正在”找人吗〕
Are you ‘working’here?(目前/现在,你 “正在”这里做工吗〕


2)Are you (adjective) ?

Are you ‘beautiful’?
Are you ‘ugly’ ?
Are you ‘fat’?

(注:在讲英语的时候,不用被句子“正在”和“有没有”的华文意思搞得混乱。

只要记住 do you 的用 verb; are you 的用 (verb + ing) / (adjective)就够了。

我写句子华文意思的目的是,让你们知道句子的意思。不是为了在你们讲英语的时候制造问题,把你们搞得混乱,不知道是要讲“正在”或是“有没有”。是为了,当你们用 do you 的时候,你们知道句子的华文意思;当你们用 are you 的时候, 你们知道句子的华文意思。 〕

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题目:Slang (俚语〕



你要懂得俚语,要不然你不懂得白种人在讲些什么,以下三个是西方人最常见的俚语,我把它们列出来,希望你对俚语有所认识,然后能自修更多俚语。

(a)I don’t give a shit. = 不是“我不给大便”= 是 ‘I don’t care.’(我不在乎〕。
其他同样的句子= I don’t give a damn / toss / fuck .. 还有很多,全部是“我不在乎”的意思。

Like I give a shit = 不是“好像我给大便”= 是 ‘Like I care. /As if I care.’(好像我很在乎,其实我一点都不在乎〕

(b)He is a good sport. = 不是  “他是一个很好的运动员”=  是 ‘He is a good person.’(他是一个好人〕

(c)Kick ass. = 不是“踢屁股”= 是 ‘Cool !’(好酷呵〕
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题目:“东西方文化的差异,带来想法的差异”



西方人的想法跟我们的不同,我们不熟悉就不懂得他的意思。


I couldn’t care less. = 不是 “我不能更少关切”= 是 “不关我的事”(None of my business.)

I wish I could help you. = 不是“我希望我可以帮助你”= 是 “一口回绝帮助你” = wish 和 后面 past tense 的动词,表示的是决不会有的意思。

You can’t be too careful. = 不是 “你不能太小心仔细”= 是“叫你越小心越好 ”,“无论多小心都不为过”。这是我们没有的说法。

It is too good to be true. = 意思是 “太好了就靠不住”。

在许多英文方言中(英语会话里,不是“书写”方面〕,双重否定的句子只有单一否定的意思。白种人常这样说  I don’t want nothing. = I want nothing 或 I don’t want anything(我什么也不要〕

当你要问“多久你回去一次?”,“多久你回去故乡一次”,你不问 ‘how long’(多久〕,你问 ‘how often’(多么时常〕。所以如果你要问 “多久你回去故乡一次?”,你问 ‘How often do you go back to your home town ?’


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What a shame! = (不是“多么可耻”)是多么“可惜”


A bookworm
= 在英语,意思是“爱读书者”。是“称赞”。是正面的意思。

=在华语,意思是“书呆子”。是“诋毁”。是负面的意思。

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“How did you find the hotel?”。不是指“你怎么找到那间旅馆”。是指“你觉得那间旅馆怎么样?”

“Do you have enough room?”。不全是指“你有足够的房间吗?”,有时候的情况是指“你的坐位有足够的空间吗”。看情况。

有条谚语说:“ All that glitters is not gold.” 单从字面上看,谚语似乎是说:“闪光的东西都不是金子。”但实际意思是“闪光的东西不都是金子。”

“ This failure was the making of him.” 若你将它当成“这次失败是他造成的。”错!正确的含义为:“这次失败实际上变成了他成功的基础。”

The lecturer carried his audience with him.
错误的译法为:演讲者将他的听众带走了。
正确的译法为:演讲者博得了全场听众的喝彩。

Do you have a minute for the CNN TV? 不是问你是否有空对CNN电视讲几句话,而是问你偶尔也看CNN电视否?

She will make you a good wife.
错误的译法为:她将使你成为一个好妻子。
正确的译法为:她将成为你的好妻子。

They made an example of the boy.
错误的译法为:他们以此孩子为楷模。
正确的译法为:他们惩罚此孩子,以儆效尤。

I have a long letter in hand.
错误的译法为:我手上有一封长信。
正确的译法为:我正在写一封长信。
如果你要说“我手上有一封长信”,你得说:“I have a long letter in my hand.” 这样的例子,实在是不胜枚举。

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网上读书天地论坛


English lesson 1
http://www.readfree.net/bbs/read.php?tid=37309&fpage=1

English lesson 2
http://www.readfree.net/bbs/read.php?tid=37310&fpage=1

English lesson 3
http://www.readfree.net/bbs/read.php?tid=37311&fpage=1

English lesson 4
http://www.readfree.net/bbs/read.php?tid=37312&fpage=1

English lesson 5
http://www.readfree.net/bbs/read.php?tid=37313&fpage=1

English lesson 6
http://www.readfree.net/bbs/read.php?tid=37314&fpage=1

English lesson 7
http://www.readfree.net/bbs/read.php?tid=37315&fpage=1

English lesson 8
http://www.readfree.net/bbs/read.php?tid=37319&fpage=1

English lesson 9
http://www.readfree.net/bbs/read.php?tid=37320&fpage=1

English lesson 10
http://www.readfree.net/bbs/read.php?tid=37321&fpage=1

English lesson 11
http://www.readfree.net/bbs/read.php?tid=37322&fpage=1

English lesson 12
http://www.readfree.net/bbs/read.php?tid=37323&fpage=1

English lesson 13
http://www.readfree.net/bbs/read.php?tid=37325&fpage=1
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