法律相关词汇

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draft 法案,草案
Government bill 政府议案
to pass a bill, to carry a bill 通过议案
to enact a law, to promulgate a law 颁布法律
ratification, confirmation 批准
law enforcement 法律的实施
to come into force 生效
decree 法令
clause 条款
minutes 备忘录
report 判例汇编
codification 法律汇编
legislation 立法
legislator 立法者
jurist 法学家
jurisprudence 法学
legitimation 合法化
legality, lawfulness 法制,合法
legal, lawful 合法的,依法的
to contravene a law, to infringe a law, to break a law 违法
outlaw, outside the law 超出法律范围的
offender 罪犯
to abolish 废止,取消
rescission, annulment 废除,取消
repeal, revocation, annulment 废除(法律)
cancellation, annulment, invalidation 废除(合同)
cancellation (支票)作废
annulment 撤消(遗嘱)
repeal rescission 撤消(判决)
revocation 撤消
immunity 豁免,豁免权
disability, legal incapacity 无资格
nonretroactive character 不溯既往性
prescription 剥夺公权
attainder 公民权利的剥夺和财产的没收
constitutional law 宪法
canon law 教会法规
common law 习惯法
criminal law 刑法
administrative law 行政法
civil law 民法
commercial law, mercantile law 商法
law of nations 万国公法,国际法
international law 国际法
natural law 自然法
labour laws 劳工法
fiscal law 财政法
Civil Suit Law, Code of civil law 民事诉讼法
Criminal Law 刑事诉讼法
Military Law 军法
Conscript Law 兵役法
Copyright Law 著作权法
penal code 刑法典
code of mercantile law 商法典
civil rights 民事权利,公民权利
right of asylum 避难权
human rights, rights of man 人权
(customs) duties 关税
death duty, death tax 遗产税
royalties 版税

汉英对照法律专业词汇（民商事通用语）

1、 民法通则： General Principles of the Civil Law
2、 民事权益：civil rights and interests
3、 平等主体：civil subjects with equal status
4、 财产关系和人身关系：property relationships and personal relationships
5、 等价有偿：making compensation for equal value
6、 诚实信用：honesty and credibility
7、 适用中国法律：be governed by the law of PRC (The law of PRC shall apply to)
8、 法律另有规定：otherwise stipulated by law
9、 无国籍人：stateless persons
10、 民事权利能力：the capacity for civil rights
11、 完全民事权利能力：full capacity for civil conduct
12、 限制民事行为能力人：a person with limited capacity for civil conduct
13、 无民事行为能力人：a person having no capacity for civil conduct
14、 法定代理人： agent ad litem
15、 代理民事活动：be represented in civil activities by
16、 监护人：guardian
17、 户籍所在地：the place where his residence is registered
18、 住所：domicile
19、 经常居住地：habitual residence
20、 居民委员会：the neighborhood committee
21、 村民委员会：the village committee
22、 民政部门：the civil affairs department
23、 履行监护职责：fulfill duty of guardianship
24、 承担责任：be held responsible
25、 造成财产损失：cause any property loss
26、 宣告为无（限制）民事行为能力人：declare … to be a person to be without or with limited capacity for civil conduct
27、 下落不明 one’s whereabouts have been unknown
28、 个体工商户：individual businesses
29、 农村承包经营户：leaseholding farm households
30、 个人合伙：individual partnership
31、 合伙人：partnerss
32、 承担民事责任：bear civil liability for
33、 按照出资比例：in proportion to one’s respective contributions to the investment
34、 承担连带责任：undertake joint liability for
35、 追偿：claim compensation from
36、 法人： legal person
37、 法人组织章程：the articles of association of the legal person
38、 主要办事机构：the main administrative office
39、 全民所有制企业：an enterprise owned by the whole people
40、 集体所有制企业：an enterprise under collective ownership
41、 经主管机关核准登记：approved and registered by the competent authority
42、 工商行政管理机关：the administrative agency for industry and commerce
43、 核准登记的经营范围：within the range approved and registered
44、 企业法人分立、合并：the division and merger of an enterprise as legal person
45、 权利和义务：the rights and obligations
46、 办理注销登记：cancel the registration
47、 企业法人解散：disbanding of an enterprise as legal person
48、 企业法人被撤销：the dissolution of an enterprise as legal person
49、 事业单位：institution
50、 社会团体：social organization
51、 经济实体：economic entity
52、 取得法人资格：be qualified as a legal person
53、 意思表示真实：the intention expressed is genuine
54、 擅自变更或者解除（民事法律行为）：alter or rescind one’s act arbitrarily
55、 以欺诈、胁迫的手段：as a result of cheating or coercion
56、 乘人之危：take advantage of one’s unfavorable position
57、 以合法形式掩盖非法目的：perform under the guise of legitimate acts which conceal illegitimate purposes
58、 具有法律约束力：be legally binding
59、 请求人民法院或者仲裁机关予以变更：request a people’s court or an arbitration agency to alter
60、 恶意串通：conspire maliciously
61、 有过错的一方：the erring party
62、 附条件的民事法律行为：conditional civil juristic acts
63、 委托代理：entrusted agency
64、 法定代理：statutory agency
65、 指定代理：appointed agency
66、 委托代理人：an entrusted agent
67、 被代理人：the principal
68、 行使代理权：exercise the power of agency
69、 采用书面形式：in writing
70、 超越代理权：beyond the scope of one’s power of agency
71、 代理权终止：the expiration of one’s power of agency
72、 本人名义：in one’s name
73、 查封、扣押、冻结、没收：seize, encroach upon, privately divide, destroy or illegally seal up, distrain, freeze or confiscate
74、 财产继承权：the right of inheritance
75、 优先购买的权利：a right of pre-emption
76、 埋藏物、隐藏物：buried or concealed object
77、 遗失物、漂流物：lost-and-found objects, flotsam
78、 买卖、出租、抵押、转让：be sold, leased, mortgaged or transferred
79、 设立、变更、终止民事关系：establish, change or terminate civil relationship
80、 按照确定的份额分享权力：be entitled to rights in proportion to his proper share of the credit
81、 按照确定的份额分担义务：assume obligations in proportion to his proper share of the debt
82、 享有连带权利的每个债权人：each of the joint creditors
83、 负有连带义务的每个债务人：each of the joint debtors
84、 有权向债务人追偿：have the right to claim repayment from the debtor
85、 提供一定的财产作为抵押物：offer a specific property as a pledge
86、 以抵押物折价或者以变卖抵押物的价款优先得到偿还：to keep the pledge to offset the debt or have priority in satisfying his claim out of the proceeds from the sale of the pledge
87、 给付定金：leave a deposit with the other party
88、 双倍返还定金：repay the deposit in double
89、 占有人有权留置该财产：the possessor shall have a lien on the property
90、 将合同的权利、义务全部或部分转让给第三人：transfer all or part of its contractual rights or obligations to a third party
91、 取得不当得利：profits acquired improperly and without a lawful basis
92、 无因管理：act as manager or provide services in order to protect another person’s interests when he is not legally or contractually obligated to do so

汉英对照分类法律词汇（刑法学、行政法学）

帮助当事人毁灭、伪造证据罪 crime of aiding a client to destroy or forge evidence
绑架妇女儿童罪 crime of kidnapping women and children
包庇、纵容黑社会性质组织罪 crime of harboring a mafia-style syndicate
包庇毒品犯罪分子罪 crime of harboring drug criminals
报复陷害罪case of retaliation and frame-ups
必要共同犯罪 indispensable joint crime
并科原则 doctrine of cumulating punishments
剥夺权利deprival of rights
不能犯 impossibility; unrealized offense
参加恐怖活动组织罪 crime of taking part in an organization engaged in terrorist activities
超越管辖权 excess of jurisdiction
超越职权范围 overstep one’s authority
惩办和宽大相结合combine punishment with leniency
惩办少数、改造多数的原则 principle of punishing the few and reforming the many
惩罚措施 punitive measure
惩罚性制裁 punitive sanction
惩罚与教育相结合 combination of punishment and education
处以刑罚 inflict punishment
处以有期徒刑 sentence to fixed-term imprisonment
触犯法律 break the law; violate the law
抽逃出资罪 crime of flight of capital contribution
抽象行政行为 abstract administrative act
出口骗税犯罪活动 criminal activities of cheating out of tax rebates in export
出售伪造发票罪 crime of selling counterfeit currency
出于对法律的无知 from ignorance of law
出于恶意 from malevolence
从轻处罚 gie a lesser punishment
从重处罚 give a severer punishment
单位受贿罪 crime of bribe taken by a unit
单一犯罪构成 single constitution of crime
盗伐林木罪 crime of illegally chopping down trees; crime of illegally felling trees
盗窃、抢夺枪支、弹药、爆炸物罪 crime of stealing or seizing guns, ammunition or explosives
盗窃犯 theft act; larcenist
渎职犯罪案件case of dereliction of duty
对象不能犯 object impossibility
多次作案 repeatedly commit crimes
罚不当罪 punishment does not fit the crime
犯意 criminal intent; mens real
犯罪低龄化 lowering ages of criminal offenders
犯罪动机 criminal motive
犯罪构成 constitution of a crime; constitutive elements of a crime
犯罪构成要件 special constitutive elements of crime
犯罪故意 criminal intent; guilty intent; meas rea
犯罪集团 criminal gang; criminal group
犯罪客观要件 objective circumstances of a crime
犯罪客体 criminal object; object of a crime
犯罪实行终了 completion of a criminal act
犯罪学 criminology
犯罪预防 crime prevention
犯罪中止 discontinuance of crime; desistance of crime
犯罪主观方面要素 subjective elements of crime
犯罪主体 subject of crime
犯罪着手 initiate a crime
犯罪组织 criminal organization
贩卖毒品罪 drug offense; crime of drug trafficking
防卫过当 unjustifiable self-defense
防卫挑拨 instigation of defense; provocation of defense
防卫限度 limit of defense
防止类似事件重演 prevent the recurrence of similar incidents
妨碍公务罪 crime of disrupting public service
妨害公共安全罪 crime of impairing public security
放弃权利 withdraw a claim; waive a right
非法持、私藏枪支、弹药罪 crime of illegally holding or hiding a firearm or ammunition
非法持有毒品罪 crime of illegally holding drugs
非法干涉 illegal intervention
非法干预 unlawful interference
非法出售增值税专用发票罪 crime of illegal selling invoice for exclusive use of VAT
非法活动 unlawful activities
非法利益 unlawful interests
非法手段 illegal means
非强制性行政行为 non-coercive form of administrative action
非正式的 informal; irregular
非政府机关 non-governmental organization
非主要条件 non-essential stipulation
非专业的 non-professional
诽谤罪 crime of defamation
隔地犯 offense of segregation by location
隔时犯 offense of segregation by time
工具不能犯 impossibility of instruments
故意犯罪 calculated crime; intentional crime
故意杀人罪 crime of intentional homicide
故意伤害罪 crime of willful and malicious injury
管辖：jurisdiction
惯犯 habitual criminal
惯例 custom and usage
过失犯罪 criminal negligence; involuntary crime; negligent crime
国家赔偿案件 case of state compensation
国家赔偿的归责原则 principle of culpability for state compensation
国家赔偿的双重过错原则 principle of dual faults for state compensation
国家赔偿法 state compensation law
国家赔偿主体 subject of state compensation
国家权力机关 state authority
国际审判机关 state judicial organs
国家行政机关 state administrative organs
国家意志 state’s will
国家职能 function of the state
国民待遇 national treatment
黑社会性质的犯罪集团 gangland criminal syndicate; mafia-style criminal gang
缓期二年执行 with a two-year reprieve
缓刑 probate cessat executio
集合犯 aggregate offense; collective offense
既遂犯 accomplished crime
继承法 inheritance law
继续犯 continuous crime
加重处罚 give an aggravated punishment beyond the maximum prescribed
假冒他人注册商标罪 crime of counterfeiting the registered trademark of another
假释 parole
假想防卫 imaginative defense
假想数罪 imaginatively several crimes
简单共同犯罪 simple joint crime
间接故意 indirect intent; indirect iintentino
教唆未遂 attempt of solicitation
劫持船只、汽车罪 crime of hijacking a ship or an automobile
劫持航空器罪 crime of skyjacking
结果犯 consequential offen
结果加重犯 aggregated consequential offense
结合犯 combinative crime; integrated offense se
拒不执行人民法院判决、裁定罪 crime of refusing o execute judgments or orders of the People’s Court
具结悔过 make a statement of repentence
具体行政行为 specific administrative act
具体罪名concrete accusation
绝对不确定法定刑 absolutely indeterminate statutory punishment
军人违反职责罪 crimes of soldiers violating military dutie
抗税罪 offense of resisting taxes
客体不能犯 object impossibility
空白罪状 blank facts about a crime
滥伐林木罪 crime of illegal denudation
累犯 recidivist; repeat offender; cumulative offense
连续犯罪 continuing crime
量刑 criterion for sentencing; sentencing criterion
量刑不当 criterion for sentence
量刑幅度 extent for discretionary action of sentencing
虐待罪 crime of abusing member of one’s family
挪用公款案 case of misappropriation of public funds
偶犯 casual offender; casual offense
情节加重犯 aggravated offense by circumstances
情节特别严重 when the circumstances are particularly wicked
情节严重、构成犯罪的 when the circumstances are so serious as to constitute a crime
取保候审 post a bail and await trial with restricted liberty of moving
扰乱公共场所秩序罪 crime of disturbing order at public places
刑法 criminal law
刑罚 penalty; punishment
刑事责任能力 criminal capacity
行政法 administrative law; executive law
行政法规 administrative laws and regulations
行政法学 administrative jurisprudence
行政解释 administrative interpretation
行政救济 administrative remedy
预防犯罪 anti-crime
治安管理 security administration
治安条例 security regulations