Kidney and Pancreas Transplantation in the United States, 1996–2005

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Titil：Kidney and Pancreas Transplantation in the United States, 1996–2005
标题：美国移植受者科学登记数据库：美国1996-2005肾移植和胰腺移植报告
autor：K. A. Andreoni, K. L. Brayman, M. K. Guidinger, C. M. Sommers and R. S. Sung
作者：K. A. Andreoni, K. L. Brayman, M. K. Guidinger, C. M. Sommers 和 R. S. Sung
source：American journal of transplantation
文章来源：美国移植杂志
impact factor：6.002
影响因子：6.002

abstract：
摘要：
Kidney and pancreas transplantation in 2005 improved in quantity and outcome quality, despite the increasing average age of kidney graft recipients, with 56% aged 50 or older.
2005年的肾移植和胰腺移植在数量和结果质量方面获得改善，尽管肾移植受者的平均年龄增大了，56%为50岁或更大。

Geography and ABO blood type contribute to the discrepancy in waiting time among the deceased donor (DD) candidates.
地理因素和ABO血型导致在等待尸体供者时等待时间的差异。

Allocation policy changes are decreasing the median times to transplant for pediatric recipients.
器官分配政策的改变正在减少儿童受者等待移植的中位时间。
Overall, 6% more DD kidney transplants were performed in 2005 with slight increases in standard criteria donors (SCD) and expanded criteria donors (ECD).
总的来说，尽管标准供体（SCD）和扩展标准供体（ECD）只有稍许增加，但2005年实施了6%以上的DD肾移植。

The largest increase (39%) was in donation after cardiac death (DCD) from non-ECD donors.
增加最多（39％）的是来自非扩展标准供体心死亡供者的捐献。

These DCD, non-ECD kidneys had equivalent outcomes to SCD kidneys.
这些非-ECD，DCD肾供体与SCD肾供体的移植结果相当。
1-, 3- and 5-year unadjusted graft survival was 91%, 80% and 70% for non-ECD-DD transplants, 82%, 68% and 53% for ECD-DD grafts, and 95%, 88% and 80% for living donor kidney transplants.
未校正的移植体1，3和5年的存活率，非-ECD-DD移植为91%, 80% 和70%，ECD-DD 移植为 82%, 68% 和 53%，活体肾移植为95%, 88% 和80%。

In 2005, 27% of patients were discharged without steroids compared to 3% in 1999.
2005年有27%的患者不必使用类固醇，而1999年为3%。

Acute rejection decreased to 11% in 2004. There was a slight increase in the number of simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplants (895), with fewer pancreas after kidney transplants (343 from 419 in 2004), and a stable number of pancreas alone transplants (129). Pancreas underutilization appears to be an ongoing issue.
2004年急性排斥下降到11%。胰肾联合移植数目有轻微增加(895例)，肾移植后胰腺移植数量减少(2004年，419例中343例)，单纯的胰腺移植数量稳定(129例)。供体胰腺没有充分利用的问题依然存在。