脑损伤是如何导致癫痫发作和记忆障碍的

htchb

脑损伤是如何导致癫痫发作和记忆障碍的
How brain injury leads to seizures, memory problems
New finding suggests future treatments for injury after-effects
In a finding that may provide a scientific basis for eventual treatment, neurology researchers have shown that traumatic brain injury reduces the level of a protein that helps keep brain activity in balance. The resulting abnormal activity, in turn, is thought to be an underlying reason for seizures and memory defects experienced by people who have suffered a traumatic brain injury (TBI).
新发现于是外伤性颅脑损伤后遗症的治疗方法
神经科学研究者发现外伤后脑内一种帮助保持脑活动的蛋白质水平下降，继发的脑功能异常可能是外伤后癫痫和失忆的潜在原因，这一发现可能奠定治疗外伤后遗症的基础。
\"A traumatic brain injury occurs to someone in the United States every 23 seconds,\" said study team leader Akiva S. Cohen, Ph.D., of The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, adding that, \"TBI is the leading cause of death among children and young adults in this country. There are no cures known for traumatic brain injury. Our hope is that our research may contribute to potential therapies for TBI patients.\"
研究小组负责人Cohen博士说：“在美国，每23秒就发生一例创伤性脑损伤，创伤性脑损伤是国内儿童和年轻人最主要的死因。目前尚无方法治疗创伤性脑损伤。本研究的目的就是帮助寻找可能的疗法。
Transportation accidents such as car crashes are responsible for the majority of TBIs in people under age 75. According to the National Institutes of Health, over 5 million Americans currently have permanent disabilities resulting from TBIs.
交通事故例如车祸是75岁以下创伤性脑损伤的主要原因，根据国家卫生局的数据，超过50万的美国人具有创伤性脑损伤导致的永久性残疾
The study, which was done in animals, appears in the journal Neurobiology of Disease, published online on Oct. 10.
这一动物实验结果发表在10月10日的神经病杂志。
Using mice, the researchers showed for the first time that TBI reduces the levels of a protein called potassium-chloride co-transporter 2 (KCC2) within a portion of the brain called the dentate gyrus. The dentate gyrus controls overactivity from reaching seizure-prone brain cells further along the circuit.
通过耗子实验，研究者第一次发现创伤性脑损伤导致齿状回氯化钾协同转运酶水平降低。齿状核负责抑制易放电脑细胞的过度活动。
The dentate gyrus is a gatekeeper in maintaining a balance between two systems of neurotransmitters in the brain: the glutamate system and the gamma-aminobutyric acid system, abbreviated GABA(A). Glutamate stimulates neurons to fire, while GABA(A) inhibits that activity. \"When lower levels of the KCC2 transporter weaken the dentate gyrus's ability to act as a gatekeeper,\" said Dr. Cohen, \"neurons become more excitable, and seizures can occur.\"
齿状回如同指挥，维持大脑两个神经传递系统的平衡：谷氨酸盐系统和γ-氨基丁酸系统（建成GABA）。谷氨酸盐系统刺激神经元放电，GABA抑制这一活性。“当氯化钾转运酶水平降低时，齿状核的平衡能力下降，神经元更容易兴奋，就可以发生癫痫，”Cohen博士说。
In addition to its role in inhibiting seizures, the dentate gyrus is also believed to be important in memory formation. Therefore, said Dr. Cohen, \"Interfering with normal function in the dentate gyrus may impair memory formation--especially antegrade memory, the ability to learn new things.\" Epileptic seizures and impaired memory are two of the disabilities caused by TBI.
除了抑制癫痫以外，齿状回在形成记忆方面具有重要作用。Cohen博士说“齿状回的正常功能损害时，会影响记忆的形成——尤其是顺行性记忆，也就是学习能力”。外伤性脑损伤可以引起癫痫发作和记忆损害两种残疾。
Further animal studies, said Dr. Cohen, will investigate whether supplying KCC2 directly to the dentate gyrus will restore normal functioning in that structure, and whether it may improve symptoms in brain-injured mice. If this proves to be the case, the protein may someday be used as a medical treatment for patients with TBI.
Cohen指出，需要进一步的研究搞清是否直接向齿状核提供氯化钾转运酶有助于恢复其功能，是否有助于改善脑外伤老鼠的症状。如果有效的话，将来可以应用氯化钾转运酶来治疗创伤性脑损伤病人。

mylife00

这个太专业了，偶是学电的，看不懂哦