sysiphus ：外行有感于学《论语》
见谈《论语》的帖子，第一感便是语言文字改革让我们失去了什么？传统学术典籍，对于“业外人士”，说是“死语”也不夸张。当然，余非“警世”或“回头”，乃基于一合理而朴素的想法：如何从传统汲取更多助益。
园地大儒“开场”说儒，或训诂、或微言大义，对于隔行之徒，益善多多，是为大幸。不才妄猜：众儒开坛，非囿于内行沟通，而在乎惠泽“欣欣然”之门外汉也。如此，余不揣浅陋，建议如下：
其一，通俗。诸大儒自有古文情结，其精要、韵味和节奏亦让人神往，然古籍之于行外人，尤过于外语。从“启蒙”的视角，若能借大众话语，通“论语”精义之幽，乃众人之福，岂不妙哉？
其二，精炼。《论语》既为儒家之本根，历朝大儒，莫不以解读为业，汉学宋学，注疏渺渺。我等本只取一瓢饮，若寻章摘句，穷经皓首也无益。如《论语》之书目篇：书目乃“小学”之初阶，治学所必备。然众儒旁征博引、洋洋洒洒，我等茫然不知所措。不如从汉学、宋学各取一具代表性作品，以之为基，开辟专题，快刀直入，考其经义。
其三，致用。六经注我，或我注六经，本非天堑之隔。西学解释学名言曰：“There are no facts, only interpretations ”。对于今日学习论语，斯言善哉。孔夫子之背景，距今2500余年，若依主观主义，探寻当时之原意，不如依客观主义，究其当今社会背景下之功用。具言之，由诸位大儒辟立专题，疏通声形词文，确立我注六经之“射程”，继而微言大义，由诸网友习之或和之，此诚为“非赶热闹”，惠泽众人矣。
亦有学者主张，本剧之题材虽源自着有《兰雪集》的女诗人张玉娘，然孟氏之意，则在以元蒙故事暗喻满清现实，以女性贞节象征明朝遗民对于旧王朝之忠诚（参见Wilt L. Idema, “Female Talent and Female Virtue: Xu Wei’s Nu Zhuangyuan and Meng Chengshun’s Zhenwen ji,”收入华玮、王瑷玲主编：《明清戏曲国际研讨会论文集》〔台北：中央研究院中国文哲研究所筹备处，1998年〕，页551-571）。若以上对《贞文记》最晚撰成于崇祯十六年之推论可信，则不论其后来刊本是否有重大改动，此一主张应落空，因孟氏撰作《贞文记》时，尚未有满清统治及遗民志节等现实问题。且孟氏于清初曾出仕任官，或许在其心目中，未有如吴梅村之痛苦，或有之而未如梅村之深刻者？姑存疑如此。故此一问题虽微细，然考定作品撰作刊刻时间，亦有助于对作品创作主旨之理解与诠释，其事应不无小补。
Peter Burke（1937-）是当代英国史学名家，剑桥大学荣休教授。2001年，世纪出版集团，上海人民出版社出版了他的作品《历史学与社会理论》（History and Social Theory）。
该书的中译本前言，介绍了Burke教授在当代史学界的贡献和地位，文末落款是“杨豫2000年8月12日于南京大学”。今天，我出于纯粹的好奇，拜读了这篇前言，发现在这个前言的第10页中有以下段落：“特别引人注目的是，他的一些新近著作如《欧洲文艺复兴的中心和边缘》（European Renaissance: Centres and Periph-eries，1998年）、《淹没的梦想》（The Drowning Dream，1998年）、《新大陆的乌鸫》（New World Blackbirds，1999年）以及即将出版的《美洲英雄的形象》（Portrait America Heroes，2000年）等有关欧洲文艺复兴的著作中把研究领域扩大到了亚洲、非洲和美洲的文化。他的《欧洲文艺复兴的中心和边缘》最后一章的标题是“文艺复兴后的文艺复兴”，把对文艺复兴时期的文化研究作了地域和方法上的扩大。尽管对于他的研究对象而言，这些都属于“边缘”文化，但他正确地认识到了这些地区的文化是整个世界文化的组成部分，对于阐明作为他的研究对象的“核心”文化来说，是十分必要的。”
扉页是这样介绍作者的：“PETER BURKE was born in East Fremantle, Western Australia, in 1961. He is a doctor, specialising in the health of travellers. From 1989 to 1996 he worked as a general practitioner in the North-West of Australia. The Drowning Dream , his first novel, was written during this time and was inspired by his fascination with the history and the people of the North-West. The novel was shortlisted for the Australian/ Vogel Literary Award in 1996, and for the Western Australian Premier’s Award in 1998.”并配有照片一幅（Photograph by Paul Ricketts）。
我兴致勃勃地又找到了另一个推荐本书的网站，其中对作者有详尽介绍：“Peter Burke is a birder, artist and author who started birding 30 years ago. After obtaining a BSc. degree in Biology and instruction in Fine Arts, Peter worked in nature interpretation and various avian research projects before devoting much of his time to illustrating. He has co-authored various articles on bird identification and biology, and served as Chair on the Ontario Bird Records Committee. Peter has birded extensively throughout Canada and much of the USA and has traveled abroad to western and southern South America (with an emphasis on Chile), Papua New Guinea, much of Central America and Cuba. He is an accomplished artist as is evident from his artwork in the identification and biology of the New World Blackbirds (Jaramillo and Burke, Princeton University Press), the third and fourth editions of the National Geographic Society’s Birds of North America (J. Dunn), Birds at Your Feeder (E. H. Dunn & D. L. Tessaglia-Hymes) and Birds of Chile (A. Jaramillo, P. Burke, D. Beadle). He is also a contributing artist to the upcoming Field Guide to the Birds of Peru (T. Schulenberg et. al.) and the three volume series Birds of Brazil (B. Whitney et. al.). He has recently completed illustrating part of the Dragonflies and Damselfies of Algonquin Park, Ontario (C. D. Jones, et. al.) a group of animals which has attracted his interests for the past 15 years. Apart from tour leading for the past 10 years, Peter enjoys summers filled with fieldwork in his home province of Ontario where he lives with his wife Dawn and their three children.”
发表于 2008-4-24 10:12:01
发表于 2008-5-2 19:40:05
